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随着经济数字化、信息化程度提高,我国广大农村互联网嵌入程度不断加深。这不仅深刻改变了农村居民的生产方式和生活方式,而且有利于提高低收入群体的收入,扩大中等收入群体。互联网嵌入可以有效降低农村低收入家庭陷入低收入陷阱的概率,对其收入向上流动具有显著的促进作用。中介效应检验结果表明,互联网主要通过两条路径影响农村低收入家庭收入流动性:一是促进非农就业,提高就业质量;二是促进农村居民的创业。异质性分析表明,就互联网促进低收入农民增收来说,性别、城镇化的作用有所淡化,教育程度、上网时间才是充分发挥互联网增收效应的关键因素。因此,为了提高农村低收入家庭收入、扩大中等收入群体,需要加强农村网络基础设施建设,降低资费。为了更好地发挥互联网对收入流动性的积极作用,需要提高低收入农民的受教育水平。
Abstract:As economic digitalization and informatization advance, the level of Internet embeddedness in rural areas across China continues to deepen. This has not only profoundly transformed the mode of production and lifestyle of rural residents, but also contributed to increasing the income of low-income groups and expanding the middle-income groups. The Internet embeddedness can effectively diminish the likelihood of rural lowincome households being ensnared in the low-income trap, and significantly facilitate the upward mobility of their income. The mediating effect reveals that the Internet influences income mobility through two primary pathways: one involves facilitating non-agricultural employment and enhancing the quality of employment,while the other pertains to fostering entrepreneurship among rural residents. The heterogeneity analysis indicates that in terms of the Internet's role in promoting income growth among low-income farmers, the influence of gender and urbanization has diminished, whereas education level and time spent online emerge as critical factors in fully harnessing the Internet's income-enhancing effects. Therefore, to increase the income of rural lowincome households and expand the size of the middle-income group, it is imperative to enhance rural network infrastructure and lower telecommunications tariffs. In order to better harness the positive impact of the Internet on income mobility, it is imperative to elevate the educational attainment of low-income farmers.
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(1)这七个轮次数据已公开,其他轮次数据尚未公开。
(1)表2与表1中部分数据不一致是因为样本不同,表1中的数据根据全部农村家庭样本计算,表2中的数据是根据平衡面板中的农村家庭样本计算,在追踪调查中存在调查样本数据流失问题,而且低收入家庭样本流失率相对较高。
(1)在所有影响收入流动的因素中,除了家庭总体的因素以外,家庭成员的特征也是重要因素。户主一般是家庭中最具有代表性的个体,其年龄、受教育水平、职业等关键性因素往往决定了家庭的显著特征。户主如果受教育水平高,其配偶和子女平均受教育年限也会相应比较长。因此,在本研究中,涉及个人的数据均以户主的数据来表示。户主对互联网的认知和互联网在其日常工作、学习和生活中的嵌入程度往往也代表着家庭其他成员的互联网使用情况。
基本信息:
DOI:10.19649/j.cnki.cn22-1009/d.2026.04.007
中图分类号:TP393.09;F323.8
引用信息:
[1]刘志国,陈诗雨.互联网嵌入与农村中等收入群体扩大——基于收入流动性角度的分析[J].长白学刊,2026,No.250(04):85-101.DOI:10.19649/j.cnki.cn22-1009/d.2026.04.007.
基金信息:
国家社科基金重大项目“新时代我国农村贫困性质变化及2020年后反贫困政策研究”(19ZA116); 江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划“技术进步与恩格斯停顿形成和治理机制的政治经济学研究”(KYCX25_2075)
2026-07-10
2026-07-10